The Overall Rate of a Chemical Reaction Generally
The overall rate of a chemical reaction generally increases if the concentration of a reactant is or is increased. The relationship between rate and concentration can be obtained from experimental data. The reaction rate can be directly proportional to [A] x and [B] y. The Law of Reaction Rate is an equation that relates the reaction rate to the molar concentration or partial pressure of a reactant with the appropriate rank. The rate = a constant multiplied by a function of concentration or partial pressure of reaction. For the example of the reaction above, it can be written in the form of a reaction rate law or a reaction rate equation.
The reaction rate is the reduction in the amount of the concentration of the reactants for each unit of time or the increase in the amount of the concentration of the reaction product for each unit of time.
There are 4 factors that affect the rate of reaction, namely:
Concentration
Concentration affects the rate of the reaction, because the number of particles allows more collisions, and that opens up the opportunity for more effective collisions to produce change. (Purwanti Widhy Hastuti).
Concentration
The concentration of reagents affects the rate of reaction. The higher the concentration of reagents, the faster the reaction rate
The effect of concentration is also related to the number of particles involved in the collision. If the concentration of reagents increases, the number of particles will increase. Thus, these particles actually get closer and the number of effective collisions will also increase, thereby increasing the rate of reaction.
Temperature
the temperature of the rate of a chemical reaction increases with increasing temperature. with rising temperatures, not only do molecules collide more frequently, but they also collide with greater impacts, because they move faster. At elevated temperatures, the percentage of collisions that result in chemical reactions will be greater, because more molecules which has greater speed and therefore has enough energy to act. (Keenan, 1984).
The effect of temperature on the reaction rate is related to the value of the kinetic energy of the particles. If the temperature is raised, the kinetic energy of the particles will increase. Thus, more particles will have a minimum kinetic energy ≥ Ea. This causes the number of effective collisions to increase, so the reaction rate increases. This is shown in the following image: